Finasteride (GU)

Proscar is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor that reduces an enlarged prostate. Your doctor has prescribed Proscar because you have a process called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Your prostate, a gland near the genitourinary tract that produces a fluid in which sperm are transported, has grown in size and makes it difficult to pass urine. Proscar decreases the size of an enlarged prostate and relieves urinary symptoms: frequent urination, painful urination, weak stream of urine, feeling that the bladder has not completely emptied. Proscar reduces the need for surgical intervention.

Proscar (finasteride), a synthetic 4-azasteroid compound, is a specific 5α-reductase inhibitor of type II, an intracellular enzyme that metabolizes testosterone into a more powerful androgen, the dihydrotestosterone (DHT). In benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), an enlarged prostate depends on the conversion of testosterone to DHT within the prostate. Proscar is very effective in reducing Circulating and intraprostatic DHT. Finasteride has no affinity for androgen receptors.

Proscar contains finasteride, a medicine that reduces the action of the male sex hormone testosterone. Testosterone, among other things, stimulates the growth of the prostate, a gland located under the bladder in males. If the prostate grows too large, it can squeeze the urethra and cause urinary problems. Proscar contracts the prostate, alleviating or eliminating the difficulty to urinate.

Proscar uses include being indicated to treat urinary problems caused by prostate growth, a condition is also known as BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia). Among the most frequent urinary problems are:

• Frequent need to urinate, also at night;
• Difficulty withholding urine, incontinence;
• Low urine and post-voiding drip;
• Disrupted urinary flow;
• Weak urinary flow.

Always use this medicine exactly as your doctor or pharmacist has told you. If in doubt, consult your doctor or pharmacist again.

Proscar is a medicine that is administered orally. The recommended Proscar dosage is one Proscar tablet daily, with or without food. Remember that it took many years for your prostate to grow enough to cause symptoms. Proscar will only be able to treat its symptoms and control the disease if it continues taking it in the long term. Your doctor may prescribe Proscar together with another medicine, called doxazosin, to help you better control your BPH. If you think that the action of Proscar is too strong or weak, tell your doctor or pharmacist.

Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

These are rare and do not appear in most cases. Among the side effects due to Proscar are:

Immune system disorders

• Frequency not known (cannot be estimated from the available data): allergic-type reactions such as swelling of the lips, tongue, throat, and face.

Psychiatric disorders

• Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people): reduced sexual desire.
• Frequency not known (cannot be estimated from the available data): depression, decreased sexual desire that continued after stopping the medication, anxiety.

Cardiac disorders

• Frequency not known (cannot be estimated from the available data): irregular heart rate.

Hepatobiliary disorders

• Frequency not known (cannot be estimated from the available data): elevated liver enzymes.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

• Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 patients): rash
• Frequency not known (cannot be estimated from the available data): itching, urticaria.

Reproductive system and breast disorders

• Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 patients): impotence (inability to have an erection).
• Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 patients): swelling and increased sensitivity in the chest and problems with ejaculation.
• Frequency not known (cannot be estimated from the available data): pain in the testicles, blood in the semen, inability to have an erection that continued after stopping the medication; problems with ejaculation that continued after stopping the medication, male infertility, or poor seminal quality. Seminal quality improvement has been reported after stopping the medication.

Complementary explorations

• Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 patients): decrease in the amount of semen expelled during sexual intercourse. This decrease in the amount of semen does not appear to alter normal sexual functioning.

Warnings and precautions

Consult your doctor or pharmacist or nurse before taking Proscar. Tell your doctor about your current and past medical problems and any allergies you have.

Proscar is only intended for the treatment of BPH in men. Proscar should not be used by women when they are or could be pregnant, nor should they be exposed to Proscar by handling crushed or broken tablets. If the active substance in Proscar is absorbed after oral use or through the skin by a woman who is pregnant with a male fetus, the fetus may be born with abnormalities in its sexual organs. If the pregnant woman came into contact with the active ingredient of Proscar, she should consult a doctor. Proscar tablets are coated and this will prevent contact with the active ingredient during normal handling, provided the tablets do not crush or break. If you have any further questions, ask your doctor.

If your sexual partner is or could be pregnant, you should avoid exposing her to your semen since it could contain minimal amounts of the drug.

BPH develops over a long period of time. Sometimes symptoms improve quickly, but you may need to take Proscar for at least six months to see if your symptoms improve. Although you do not have a sense of improvement or change in symptoms, Proscar therapy can reduce the risk of being unable to pass urine and therefore the need for surgery. You should see your doctor regularly for regular check-ups and to assess your progress.

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